Условные предложения в английском языке. Упражнения. Условные предложения (Conditional sentences) Английский язык придаточные условные упражнения с ключами

Упражнения по теме: «Условные предложения 1 типа»

1 переведите

1) If I am late for work, my chief is angry.
2) A person doesn"t eat meat if he/she is a vegetarian.
3) If I get up early, my father drives me to school.
4) Everything is wet if it rains.

2 переведите

1. Если ты хочешь хорошую работу, ты должен хорошо учиться.
   2) Ты не должен много есть, если хочешь похудеть.
   3) Если хранить кофе в морозильнике, то аромат сохраняется дольше.
   4) Собака радуется, когда видит хозяина

1. Найдите правильный вариант

1. If it______, we won"t go to the park.

a) will rain
b) rains
c) will not rain
d) doesn’t rain

2. You won"t pass the exam,______ you work hard.

a) if
b) when
c) unless
d) as soon as

3.When we_____ ready, I’ll call you.

a) will be
b) are

4. You will pay back, as soon as you_____ a new job.

a) find
b) will find

5. I will see you when you______ in Moscow next time.

a) are
b) will be

6. What will you do, when you______ out the truth?

a) will find out
b) have find out
c) find out

4 раскройте скобки

1. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.
2. If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.
3. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone.
4. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year.
5. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.
6. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea part

First Conditional — важная тема в английской грамматике. Условные предложения 1 типа употребляются очень часто. Поэтому Вам просто необходимо хорошенько отработать данную тему. Следующие 12 conditionals упражнения окажутся Вам, несомненно, полезными.

Давайте немного вспомним теорию!

I тип условных предложений

Как видите, употребление – не самая сложная тема. Несколько хороших упражнений – и Вы овладеете ей в совершенстве. Итак, переходим к conditionals упражнениям.

First Conditional Exercises.

Упражнение 1. Put the verbs in the brackets into the Present Indefinite or the Future Indefinite Tense.

1. If Peter __________ (come) to my place, we__________ (go) to play in the yard.
2. If Peter__________ (not come) to my place, I __________ (watch) TV.
3. If Frank’s parents__________ (have) their holidays in summer, they __________ (go) to the seaside.
4. If they __________ (have) their holidays in winter, they __________ (stay) at home.
5. If the fog _______ (thicken), Harold _______ (put up) the tent for the night.
6. When I _______ (finish) my work, I_______ (go) to the cinema.
7. We_______ (buy) this book as soon as our mother_______ (give) us some money.
8. When we _______ (come) to your place you_______ (show) us your present.
9. I_______ (return) you your ring when you_______ (ask) me.
10. I_______ (wait) for my friend until he_______ (come) from the shop.
11. My father_______ (start) writing before the sun _______ (rise).
12. As soon as you _______ (finish) your study I_______ (present) you with a new flat.

Упражнение 2. Put the verb in the brackets in the correct tense to form the First Conditional.

Maria is a girl from your country. She is studying English and she"d like to visit an English-speaking country.

If Maria (go) abroad, she (go) to England or America. She (visit) London if she (go) to England. If she (stay) in London, she (spend) much money. She (not be able) to stay for long if she (spend) all her money. If her holiday (be) very short, she (not practice) her English. It (be) a pity if she (not try) to speak English. 

Упражнение 3. Make up conditional 1 sentences with if-clauses.

Example: Molly leave now / catch the bus .

If Molly leaves now, she’ll catch the bus.

1. stay in bed / feel better
2. work hard / get a job
3. go shopping / spend much money
4. ride a bike / get there quickly —
5. eat carrots/see well in the dark .
6. come now/go out together

Упражнение 4. Connect the sentences with when or if to form the first conditional.

Jack will come. We shall play chess. - When Jack comes, we shall play chess.

1. All the pupils will come to school tomorrow. We shall write a test then.
2. I’ll meet Ann after school. I’ll give her my album.
3. You’ll not do your homework. The teacher will be angry.
4. Mike won’t come today. We’ll play football without him.
5. I’ll finish school with good marks. My father will take me to the seaside. .
6. My school record may not be very good. Mom will be very upset.

Упражнение 5. Continue the chain stories. Use conditional 1.

If Brian has a lot of money, he’ll buy a bike.

If he buys a bike, he’ll ...

If he rides it ...

If you don’t do well at school, you’ll become a bad pupil.

If you become a bad pupil, you’ll stay ...

Упражнение 6. Study the list of prizes and speak for Nick and Tom, using conditional 1.

When Nick has breakfast at Tom’s house, he sees a packet of cornflakes on the table. On the back of it he sees this paper.

ANSWER AND WIN ONE OF THESE WONDERFUL PRIZES!

1st prize - a holiday in New York,

2nd prize - a motor-bike.

3rd-5th prize - a tent.

6th-12th prize - a cassette-recorder.

13th-20th prize - a camera.

21st-36th prize - an alarm-clock.

37th-50th prize - a book of flowers of Britain.

51st-99th prize - a T-shirt with Big Ben on it.

After reading it Tom has sent the answers.

a) Nick says to Tom:

1. If you win the first prize, you’ll get a holiday in New York.
2. If you win the second prize, you’ll get ... .
3. If you win the third prize, you’ll ...
4. If you win ...
5. If ...
6. If ...
7. If ...
8. If ...

1. If I win a holiday in New York, I’ll come and visit you.
2. If I win …
3. If I …

Упражнение 7. Make conditional sentences.

1. I’ll buy a colour film and take a lot of pictures if …
2. I’ll have a party and we can dance to music if …
3. I’ll go camping in the Lake District if …
4. Molly’ll learn a lot of things if…
5. I shan’t sit with you at the same desk unless…
6. I’ll send her a letter as soon as …
7. If he does his homework every day he …
8. If he comes in the afternoon we …
9. If you live in a big city what …?
10. If Milly gives me her address, I …
11. If you don’t stop talking, the teacher …

Упражнение 8. Answer the questions in conditional 1.

What will you do

• if it rains on Sunday?
• if your friends don’t play with you?
• if your TV doesn’t work this evening?
• if you lose your school record-book?
• when the lessons are over?
• when your holiday comes?
• when your friend comes to see you tonight?
• when you finish your homework?

Упражнение 9. Imagine that you are eighteen and you have finished school. What will you do then? Develop the following situation. Begin like this.

When I’m eighteen, I think I’ll I don’t think I’ll ..., but if , I’ll try

Упражнение 10. Join two sentences into one using if.

1. It will rain today. We shall not go for a walk.
2. Don’t move. You’ll fall down.
3. The wind will change. There will be snow.
4. I’ll be careful. I will not break the cups.
5. You have free time now. Come for a walk with me.
6. I’ll go hiking in summer. I’ll see a lot of interesting things.
7. He’ll go shopping. He’ll buy some exercise-books for me.

Упражнение 11. Complete the sentences.

1. Your Dad will get angry if you ... .
2. My Mum will be happy if I ... .
3. My sister will shout at me if I ...
4. The teacher will not be happy if we ...
5. You will do well at school if you ...

Упражнение 12. Write answers to the questions.

1. What will you do if you jump into the river and see a crocodile there?
2. What will your mother do if you break her favourite vase?
3. What will the teacher do if you don’t do what she asks you to do?
4. What will your friends do if you call them bad names?
5. What will you do if you loose your school record- book? .

Ну вот и все на сегодня по теме условные предложения 1 типа. I hope you find these first conditional exercises useful. Сonditionals упражнения позволят Вам почувствовать уверенность в своем английском!

Например. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.

If you are free, I shall come to see you.

If you were free, I should come to see you.

If you had been free, I should have come to see you.

If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.

If I see her, I shall be glad.

If I saw her, I should be glad.

If I had seen her, I should have been glad.

1. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone. 2. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad. 3. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party. 4. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry). 5. If you (not to work) systemat­ically, you (to fail) the exam. 6. If I (to live) in Mos­cow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 7. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmon­ic. 8. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms. 9. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together. 10. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

Answers: 1.1)If you are busy, I shall leave you alone. 2) If you were busy, I should leave you alone. 3)If you had been busy, I should have left you alone. 2. 1) If my friend comes to see me, I shall be very glad. — Если друг придет, я буду рад. 2) If my friend came to see me, I should be very glad. — Если бы друг пришёл, я был бы рад. (мечта) 3) If my friend had come to see me, I should have been very glad. — Если бы друг пришёл (но он не пришел), я был бы рад. (сожаление) 3. 1) If mother buys a cake, we shall have a very nice tea party. 2) If mother bought a cake, we should have a very nice tea party. 3) If mother had bought a cake, we should have had a very nice tea party. 4. 1) If we receive a telegram from him, we shall not worry. 2) If we received a telegram from him, we should not worry. 3)If we had received a telegram from him, we should not have worried. 5. 1)If you don’t work systematically, you will fail the exam. 2) If you did not work systematically, you would fail the exam. 3)If you had not worked systematically, you would have failed the exam. 6. 1)If I live in Moscow, I shall visit the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 2) If I lived in Moscow, I should visit the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 3) If I had lived in Moscow, I should have visited the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 7. 1) If I get a ticket, I shall go to the Philharmonic. 2) If I got a ticket, I should go to the Philharmonic. 3) If I had got a ticket, I should have gone to the Philharmonic. 8. 1) If I live near a wood, I shall gather a lot of mushrooms. 2) If I lived near a wood, I should gather a lot of mushrooms. 3) If I had lived near a wood, I should have gathered a lot of mushrooms. 9. 1) If my father returns early, we shall watch TV together. 2) If my father returned early, we should watch TV together. 3) If my father had returned early, we should have watched TV together. 10. 1) If she knows English, she will try to enter the university. 2) If she knew English, she would try to enter the university. 3) If she had known English, she would have tried to enter the university.

Exercise 2. Перепишите каждое из следующих предложений дважды, образуя предложения нереального условия: a) относящиеся к настоящему или будущему (II тип); b) относящиеся к прошедшему (III тип).

1. If I am not too busy, I shall go to the concert. 2. They will all be surprised if I make such a mis­take. 3. If he doesn’t come in time, shall we have to wait for him? 4. If no one comes to help, we shall be . obliged to do the work ourselves. 5. If you put on your glasses, you will see better. 6. What shall we do if they are late? 7. Will you be very angry if we don’t come? 8. Will he be very displeased if I don’t ring him up?

Answers: 1.1)I were not too busy, I should go to the concert.2) If I had not been too busy, I should have gone to the concert. 2. 1) They would all be surprised if I made such a mistake. 2)They would all have been very surprised if I had made such a mistake. 3. 1)If he didn’t come in time, should we have to wait for him? 2) If he hadn’t come in time, should we have had to wait for him? 4. 1) If no one came to help, we should be obliged to do the work ourselves. 2) If no one had come to help, we should have been obliged to do the work ourselves. 5. 1)If you put on your glasses, you would see better. 2)f you had put on your glasses, you would have seen better. 6. 1)What should we do if they were late? 2) What should we have done if they had been late? 7. 1)Would you be very angry if we didn’t come? 2) Would you have been very angry if we hadn’t come? 8. 1)Would he be very displeased if I didn’t ring him up? 2) Would he have been very displeased if I hadn’t rung him up?

Exercise 3. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в требу­ющейся форме.

1. If he were not such an outstanding actor, he (not to have) so many admirers. 2. If you (to give) me your address, I shall write you a letter. 3. If she (not to be) so absent-minded, she would be a much better student. 4. If my sister does not go to the south, we (to spend) the summer in St. Petersburg together. 5. If they (not to go) to Moscow last year, they would not have heard that famous musician. 6. If you (not to get) tickets for the Philharmonic, we shall stay at home. 7. If you were not so care­less about your health, you (to consult) the doctor. 8. I should be delighted if I (to have) such a beautiful fur coat. 9. If it (to rain), we shall have to stay at home. 10. If he (to work) hard, he would have achieved great progress. 11. If it is not too cold, I (not to put) on my coat. 12. I (to write) the compo­sition long ago if you had not disturbed me. 13. If he (not to read) so much, he would not be so clever. 14. If my friend (to be) at home, he will tell us what to do.

Answers: 1. He would not have. 2. You give. 3. She were not. 4. We shall spend. 5. They had not gone. 6. You don’t get. 7. You would consult. 8. I had. 9. It rains. 10. He had worked. 11. I shall not put. 12. I should have written. 13. He did not read. 14. My friend is.

Exercise 4. Образуйте условные предложения.

1. Не is busy and does not come to see us. If … 2. The girl did not study well last year and received bad marks. If … 3. He broke his bicycle and so he did not go to the country. If … 4. He speaks En­glish badly: he has no practice. If … 5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that’s why I did not come to see you. If … 6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that’s why it struck a rock. If … 7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If … 8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If … 9. The sea is rough, and we can­not sail to the island. If … 10. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If … 11. It is late, and I have to go home. If … 12. I was expect­ing my friend to come, that’s why I could not go to the cinema with you. If … 13. He always gets top marks in mathematics because it is his favourite subject and he works a lot at it. If … 14. I did not translate the article yesterday because I had no dic­tionary. If … 15. We lost our way because the night was pitch-dark. If … 16. The box was so heavy that I could not carry it. That’s why I took a taxi. If …

Answers: 1. If he were not busy, he would come to see us. 2. If the girl had studied well last year, she would not have received bad marks. 3. If he had not broken his bicycle, he would have gone to the country. 4. If he had (more) practice, he would speak English better. 5. If I had not had a bad headache yesterday, I should have come to see you. 6. If the ship had not sailed near the coast, it would not have struck a rock. 7. If he had been in town, he would have been present at our meeting. 8. If the pavement had not been so slippery, I should not have fallen and hurt my leg. 9. If the sea were not (so) rough, we should (could) sail to the island. 10. If they had not made a fire, the wolves would not have run away. 11. If it were not late, I should not have to go home. 12. If I had not expected my friend to come, I should (could) have gone to the cinema with you. 13. If mathematics were not his favourite subject and he did not work a lot at it, he would not always get top marks. 14. If I had had a dictionary, I should have translated the article yesterday. 15. If the night had not been pitch-dark, we should not have lost our way. 16. If the box had not been so heavy, (I could have carried it and) I should not have taken a taxi.

Exercise 5. Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся фор­му сослагательного наклонения после «I wish».

1. I wish I (to have) a season ticket to the Phil­harmonic next winter. 2. I wish I (to consult) the teacher when I first felt that mathematics was too difficult for me. 3. I love sunny weather. I wish it (to be) warm and fine all the year round. 4. I wish I (not to lend) Nick my watch: he has broken it.5. I wish you (to send) word as soon as you arrive. 6. I wish I (not to have) to do my homework every day. 7. I wish you (to go) skiing with me yesterday: I had such a good time! 8. I wish I (to know) Span­ish. 9. I wish I (not to drink) so much coffee in the evening: I could not sleep half the night. 10. I wish you (to read) more in future. 11. I wish I never (to suggest) this idea. 12. I wish I (to be) at yesterday’s party: it must have been very merry. 13. I wish we (to meet) again next summer. 14. Don’t you wish you (to see) that performance before? 15. They wished they (not to see) this horrible scene again. 16. The unfortu­nate pupil wished he (not to forget) to learn the rule.

Answers: 1. I had. 2. I had consulted. 3. It were. 4. I had not lent. 5. You sent. 6. I did not have. 7. You had gone. 8. I knew. 9. I had not drunk. 10. You read. 11. I had never suggested. 12. I had been. 13. We met. 14. You had seen. 15. They did not see. 16. He had not forgotten.

Exercise 6. Перефразируйте следующие предложения, упо­требляя «I wish».

E.g. It’s a pity you are ill.

I wish you were not ill.

1. Unfortunately they won’t return before Christ­mas. 2. The student was sorry he had not studied the material better and had shown such poor knowledge at the exam. 3. It’s a pity that you did not send for us last night. 4. It’s a pity you are not with us these days. 5. My friend regrets not having entered the university. 6. He was sorry not to have had enough time to finish his paper. 7. It’s a pity we shan’t be able to reach home before teatime. 8. I am sorry I made you upset by telling you this news. 9. What a pity you don’t know enough physics.

Answers: 1.I wish they returned before Christmas. 2. The student wished he had studied the material better and shown better knowledge at the exam. 3. I wish you had sent for us last night. 4. I wish you were with us these days. 5. My friend wishes he had entered the university. 6. He wished he had had enough time to finish his paper. 7. I wish we were able to reach home before teatime. 8. I wish I had not made you upset by telling you this news. 9. I wish you knew enough physics.

Exercise 7. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя «I wish».

• 1. а) Жаль, что он такой легкомысленный,
• б) Жаль, что он не достаточно серьезен.
• 2. а) Я теперь жалею, что не послушал его совета,
• б) Я теперь жалею, что последовал его совету.
• 3. а) Жаль, что вы пришли так поздно,
• б) Жаль, что вы не пришли пораньше.
• 4. а) Обидно, что мы ушли до его прихода.
• б) Обидно, что мы не дождались его прихода.
• 5. а) К сожалению, они еще ничего не знают,
• б)К сожалению, они уже знают об этом.

Answers: 1.a) I wish he were not so light-minded. б) I wish he were more serious. 2. a) Now I wish I had listened to his advice (had followed his advice). b) Now I wish I had not followed his advice. 3. a) I wish you had not come so late. б) I wish you had come earlier. 4. a) I wish we had not gone before he came. б) I wish we had waited till he came. 5. a) I wish they knew it already. b) I wish they did not know about it.

Exercise 8. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя «I wish».

1. Ах, если бы вы сказали ей об этом в прошлое воскресенье! 2. Хорошо бы у нас сейчас были ка­никулы. 3. Если бы он пришел сегодня вечером! 4. Мы пожалели, что не попросили его совета. 5. Жаль, что вы отказались принять участие в пик­нике. 6. Жаль, что вас не интересует этот предмет. 7. Мы бы хотели, чтобы вы упомянули эти факты. 8. Жаль, что мы опоздали на поезд. 9. Жаль, что вы включили телевизор так поздно. 10. Если бы я был свободен сейчас! 11. Жаль, что и вчера у меня было мало времени. 12. Хорошо бы вы на­писали ей об этом сами. 13. Жаль, что вы не об­ратили внимания на его предупреждение. 14. Он пожалел, что бросил университет. 15. Жаль, что уже поздно идти туда. 16. Ах, если бы я пришел на вокзал вовремя! 17. Жаль, что вы не читали такую прекрасную книгу. 18. Жаль, что она де­лает так много ошибок в речи. 19. Жаль, что вы не побывали на выставке. 20. Жаль, что я узнал об этом так поздно. 21. Как жаль, что мы не зас­тали Колю дома. 22. Она сожалела, что не рас­сказала нам эту историю раньше.

Answers: 1. Oh, how I wish you had told her about it last Sunday! 2. I wish we had holidays now. 3. Oh, I wish he came tonight! 4. We wished we had asked his advice. 5. I wish you had not refused to take part in the picnic. 6. I wish you were interested in this subject. 7. We wish you mentioned these facts. 8. I wish we had not missed the train. 9. I wish you had turned on the TV earlier. 10. I wish I were free now! 11. I wish I had had more time yesterday. 12. I wish you wrote her about it yourself. 13. I wish you had paid attention to his warning. 14. He wished he had not left the university. 15. I wish it were not too late to go there. 16. Oh, how I wish I had come to the railway station on time! 17. I wish you had read this wonderful book. 18. I wish she did not make so many mistakes in her speech. 19. I wish you had visited the exhibition. 20. I wish I had learned about it earlier. 21. I wish we had found Nick at home. 22. She wished she had told us this story before.

Обратите внимание на смешанные случаи употребления времен в условных предложениях II и III типа:

If I were acquainted with this famous professor, I should have rung him up yesterday.

Условие относится к настоящему времени (II тип), а следствие - к прошедшему (III тип).

If I had written the composition yesterday, I should be free now.

Условие относится к прошедшему времени (III тип), а следствие - к настоящему (II тип).

Exercise 9. Образуйте условные предложения. Не забудьте о смешанных случаях.

1. I shall go to the dentist because I have a tooth­ache. If … 2. He is groaning with pain now because he did not go to the dentist to have his tooth filled. If … 3. She does not go to the polyclinic because she does not need any treatment. If … 4. He will not go to see the play as he was present at the dress re­hearsal. If … 5. He went to Moscow specially to hear this famous singer because he is fond of him. If … 6. We did not go to the cafeteria to have a glass of lemonade because we were not thirsty. If … 7. She could not mend her dress herself because she had no needle. If … 8. He is not a first-class sportsman now because he did not train enough last year. If … 9. The pupils were active because they wanted to un­derstand this difficult material. If … 10. The pupils did not understand the homework because they were inattentive. If … 11. The pupils worked hard and did well in their exams. If … 12. She won’t try to enter the foreign languages department because she is not good at foreign languages. If …

Answers: 1. If I did not have a toothache, I should not go to the dentist. 2. If he had gone to the dentist to have his tooth filled, he would not be groaning with pain now. 3. If she needed some treatment, she would go to the polyclinic. 4. If he had not been present at the dress rehearsal, he would go to see the play. 5. If he were not fond of this famous singer, he would not have gone to Moscow specially to hear him. 6. If we had been thirsty, we should have gone to the cafeteria to have a glass of lemonade. 7. If she had had a needle, she would (could) have mended her dress herself. 8. If he had trained enough last year, he would be a first-class sportsman now. 9. If the pupils had not wanted to understand this difficult material, they would not have been so active. 10. If the pupils had been more attentive, they would have understood the homework. 11. If the pupils had not worked hard, they would not have done well in their exams. 12. If she were good at foreign languages, she would try to enter the foreign languages department.

Exercise 10. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Он так изменился! Если бы вы его встрети­ли, вы бы его не узнали. 2. Если бы я был на ва­шем месте, я бы посоветовался с родителями. 3. Если бы сейчас подошел трамвай, мы бы не опоздали. 4. Если бы он знал, что это вас расстро­ит, он был бы осторожнее. 5. Если бы вы мне по­могли решить эту задачу, я был бы вам очень бла­годарен. 6. Жаль, что нам раньше не пришло в го­лову поискать книгу в библиотеке. Мы бы сдела­ли работу вовремя и сейчас были бы уже свобод­ны. 7. Жаль, что у нас было так мало уроков. Если бы мы больше поработали, мы бы лучше знали язык. 8. Если бы он регулярно не посещал спор­тивные тренировки, он не добился бы такого успе­ха на состязаниях. 9. Если бы ты предупредил меня заранее, я бы уже был в Москве. 10. Жаль, что она уже ушла. Если бы ты позвонил раньше, она была бы сейчас здесь. 11. Если бы он был ум­нее, он бы не пошел вчера в лес. 12. Если бы она не прислала вчера это письмо, мой брат был бы сейчас дома. 13. Что бы мы сейчас делали, если бы мама не испекла вчера пирог? 14. Жаль, что вы не слышали музыку Рахманинова. Если бы вы ее слышали, вы бы знали, какой это замечатель­ный композитор. 15. Я уверен, что все были бы рады, если бы вечер состоялся.

Answers: 1. He has changed so much! If you met him, you would not recognize him. 2. If I were you, I should consult my parents. 3. If a tram came now, we should not be late. 4. If he had known that this would upset you, he would have been more careful. 5. If you helped me to solve this problem, I should be very grateful to you. 6. I wish it had occurred to us before to look for the book in the library. We should have done the work in time and now we should be free, 7. I wish we had had more lessons. If we had worked more, we should know the language better. 8. If he had not attended sports trainings regularly, he would not have achieved such success in the competitions. 9. If you had warned me before, I should already be in Moscow. 10. I wish she had not gone. If you had called before, she would be here now. 11. If he were cleverer, he would not have gone to the wood yesterday. 12. If she had not sent this letter yesterday, my brother would be at home now. 13. What should we be doing now if mother had not baked a pie yesterday? 14. I wish you had heard Rakhmaninov’s music. If you had heard it, you would know what a wonderful composer he was. 15. I am sure that everybody would be glad if the party took place.

Упражнение 1

Раскрывая скобки, напишите каждое предложение три раза, образуя условные предложения 1, 2 и 3 типов.

· E.g. If you (to be) free, I (to come) to see you.:

If you are free, I will come to see you.

If you were free, I would come to see you.

If you had been free, I would have come to see you.

If I (to see) her, I (to be) glad.

If I see her, I will be glad.

If I saw her, I would be glad.

If I had seen her, I would have been glad.

1. If my friend (to come) to see me, I (to be) very glad. 2. If mother (to buy) a cake, we (to have) a very nice tea party. 3. If we (to receive) a telegram from him, we (not to worry) . 4. If you (not to work) systematically, you (to fail) the examinations. 5. If you (to be) busy, I (to leave) you alone. 6. If I (to live) in Moscow, I (to visit) the Tretyakov Gallery every year. 7. If I (to get) a ticket, I (to go) to the Philharmonic. 8. If I (to live) near a wood, I (to gather) a lot of mushrooms. 9. If my father (to return) early, we (to watch) TV together. 10. If she (to know) English, she (to try) to enter the university.

Упражнение 2

П ерепишите каждое из следующих предложений дважды, образуя предложения нереального условия:

а) относящиеся к настоящему или будущему,

b ) относящиеся к прошедшему.

1. If I am not too busy, I shall go to the concert. 2. They will all be surprised if I make such a mistake. 3. If he doesn"t come in time, shall we have to wait for him? 4. If no one comes to help, we shall be obliged to do the work ourselves. 5. If you put on your glasses, you will see better. 6. What shall we do if they are late? 7. Will you be very angry if we don"t come? 8. Will he be very displeased if I don"t ring him up?

Упражнение 3

Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках, так, чтобы предложения выражалт рельное условие.

1. If I (to see) John, I (to tell) him your news. 2. He (to be) very pleased if it (to be) really true. 3. If you (to go) to town on Monday, you (to meet) my brother Tom. 4. If you (to need) help, my father (to help) you. 5. We (to have) a picnic lunch if the day (to be) fine. 6. If you (to ask) a policeman, he (to tell) you the way. 7. I (to finish) the job tomorrow if I (to can). 8. I (not / to require) an umbrella if it(not / to rain). 9. If she (to think) it over carefully, she (to form) a clear opinion. 10. If they (to catch) the bus now, they (to arrive) at half past nine. 11. He (to find) the answers if he (to look) at the back of the book. 12. If you (to want) me to, I (to come) for a walk with you. 13. If he (to write) to her, she (to answer) at once. 14. If you (to wait) a few moments, the waiter (to bring) your coffee. 15. He (to lose) weight if he (to stop) eating too much. 16. If she (to be) patient, I (to try) to explain. 17. I (to wear) a purle tie only if I (to must). 18. If we (to leave) at once, we (to catch) the early train. 19. If he (to do) that again, his father (to punish) him. 20. If she (drink) this medicine, she (to feel) much better.

Упражнение 4

Раскройте скобки таким образом, чтобы предложения выражали: а) реальное условие, b) нереальное условие настоящего времени.

1. If I (to know), I (to tell) you. 2. If she (to want) to talk she (to ring up). 3. Her health (to improve) if she (to sleep) longer. 4. If he (to have) enough money, he (to buy) a large house. 5. She (to feel) lonely if Peter (to go) out every evening. 6. We (to be) pleased to see you if you (to arrive). 7. If we (to can) come on Sunday, we (to come). 8. I (to understand) Mr. Smith if he (to speak) slowly. 9. We (not / to go) by ship unless there (to be) no other way. 10 If you (not / to give) him good meals, he (not / to be able) to work hard.

Упражнение 5

Замените предложения нереального условия в настоящем времени на предложения нереального условия в прошедшем времени.

1. If she tired, she could be better. 2. He would do more work if he were able. 3. I should live better if I earned more money. 4. If I knew the answer, I should tell you. 5. He wouldn"t come unless you invited him. 6. We shouldn"t remember it if it weren"t so strange. 7. If I had time, I would help you. 8. Peter would come if you wanted him to. 10. If you wrote more often, you would receive more letters. 11. They would prefer to keep it if they could. 12. I would buy it by myself if I had money. 13. If they offered it to me for nothing, I wouldn"t take it. 14. I should break a promise if I answered your question. 15. If you swore to keep a secret, I would tell you.

Упражнение 6

Составьте предложения, найдя соответствия между левой и правой колонками.

Упражнение 7

Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в нужное время.

John Smith is in prison. How did it happen? If John (not / to oversleep), he (not / to be) late for work. If he (not / to be) late for work, his boss (not / to fire) him. If John (not / to lose) his job, he (not / to need) money and he (not / to rob) the bank. If he (not / to rob) the bank, the police (not / to arrest) him.

Упражнение 8

Составьте условные предложения, используя материал левой и правой колонокб которые отражали бы Ваше отношение к ситуации.

e.g. Daniel had fallen ill. put on coat / catch cold

Daniel wouldn"t have caught cold if he had put on coat.

Упражнение 18

1. He is busy and does not come to see us. If ... . 2. The girl didn"t study well last year and received bad marks. If ... . 3. He broke his bicycle and so he didn"t go to the country. If ... . 4. He speaks English badly: he has no practice. If ... . 5. I had a bad headache yesterday, that"s why I didn"t come to see you. If ... . 6. The ship was sailing near the coast, that"s why it struck a rock. If ... . 7. He was not in town, therefore he was not present at our meeting. If ... . 8. The pavement was so slippery that I fell and hurt my leg. If ... . 9. The sea is rough, and we cannot sail to the island. If ... . 10. They made a fire, and the frightened wolves ran away. If ... . 11. It is late, and I have to go home. If ... . 12. I was expecting my friend to come, that"s why I couldn"t go to the cinema with you. If ... . 13. He always gets top marks in mathematics because it is his favourite subject and he works a lot at it. If ... . 14. I didn"t translate the article yesterday because I had no dictionary. If ... . 15. We lost our way because the night was pitch-dark. If ... . 16. The box was so heavy that I couldn"t carry it. That"s why I took a taxi. If ... .

Упражнение 19

Образуйте условные предложения.

1. The travellers had no camera with them, so they could not take photos of the beautiful scenery. If ... . 2. There was no sugar left, so we had to go to the shop late in the evening. If ... . 3. This house is very nice and comfortable, but it is not very good for living because it is situated close to a chemical plant and the air around is very bad. If ... . 4. He is an excellent specialist, but I can"t ask his advice because I"m not acquainted with him. If ... . 5. You cannot enjoy this merry evening party because you have a toothache. If ... 6. You know the material well enough, but you are very absent-minded, and that"s why you always make many mistakes. If ... . 7. You did not ring me up, so I did not know you were in trouble. If .. . 8. You left the child alone in the room, so he hurt himself. If ... . 9. They spent a year in the tropics, so they got very sun-tanned. If ... . 10. It rained heavily, so we got drenched to the skin. If ... . 11. Why didn"t you watch the cat? It ate all the fish. If ... . 12. A huge black cloud appeared from behind the forest, so we had to turn back and hurry home. If ... . 13. We shall not go to see them because it is very late. If ... . 14. Naturally she was angry, because you were in her way. If ... .

Придаточные условия Придаточные условия. Тесты Тест 1, "m.c." Тест 2, "m.c." Тест 3, "m.c." Тест 4, "m.c." Тест 5, "m.c." Тест 6, "m.c." Тест 1, "gaps" Тест 2, "gaps" Тест 3, "gaps" Тест 4, "gaps" Тест 5, "gaps" Наклонение. Сослагательное наклонение Сослагательное наклонение в придаточных

RELATIVE CLAUSES

1 Underline any relative pronouns that can be left out in these sentences.

1 I think that my boss is the person who I admire most.

2 Harry, who was tired, went to bed very early.

3 Were taking the train that leaves at 6.00.

4 Have you seen the book that I left here on the desk?

5 The film which we liked most was the French one.

6 My radio, which isn’t very old, has suddenly stopped working.

7 The clothes which you left behind are at the reception desk.

8 The couple who met me at the station took me out to dinner.

9 Last week I ran into an old friend who I hadn’t seen for ages.

10 Don’t cook the meat that I put in the freezer - it’s for the dog.

2 Replace the relative pronouns in italics with that , where possible.

1 This is the magazine which I told you about.

... This is the magazine that I tild you about .............................

2 John’s flat, which is in the same block as mine, is much larger.

3 The girl whose bag I offered to carry turned out to be an old friend.

4 The policeman who arrested her had recognized her car.

5 I work with someone who knows you.

6 We don’t sell goods which have been damaged.

7 Brighton, which is on the south coast, is a popular holiday resort.

8 I don’t know anyone whose clothes would fit you.

9 There’s a cafe near here which serves very good meals.

10 People who park outside get given parking tickets.

3 Underline the most suitable word in each sentence.

1 My friend Jack, that / who / whose parents live in Glasgow, invited me to spend Christmas in Scotland.

2 Here’s the computer program that / whom / whose I told you about.

3 I don’t believe the story that / who / whom she told us.

4 Peter comes from Witney, that / who / which is near Oxford.

5 This is the gun with that / whom / which the murder was committed.

6 Have you received the parcel whom / whose / which we sent you?

7 Is this the person who / which / whose you asked me about?

8 That’s the girl that / who / whose brother sits next to me at school.

9 The meal, that / which / whose wasn’t very tasty, was quite expensive.

10 We didn’t enjoy the play that / who / whose we went to see.

4 Put one suitable word in each space, or leave the space blank where possible.

MURDER AT THE STATION by Lorraine Small Episode 5: Trouble on the 6.15 The story so far:

Jane Platt, (1) ….who... is travelling to London because of a mysterious letter, is the only person (2)............................ witnesses a murder at Victoria Station. The detective to (3)........................... she gives her statement then disappears. Jane goes to an office in Soho to answer the letter (4)................................. she had received. There she discovers that her uncle Gordon, (5)............................... lives in South America, has sent her a small box (6)............................ she is only to open if in trouble. Jane,(7)......................... parents have never mentioned an Uncle Gordon, is suspicious of the box, (8)........................... she gives to her friend Tony. They go to Scotland Yard and see Inspector Groves, (9)............................... has not heard of the Victoria Station murder, (10)....................... was not reported to the police. Jane gives Inspector Groves the murdered man"s ticket, (11)........................... she found beside his body. Then Jane and Tony decide to go to Redhill, (12)................................... was. The town (13)....................... the murdered man had come from. On the train they meet a man, (14).................................. face is somehow familiar to Jane, (15)......................... says he knows her Uncle Gordon …

5 Put a suitable relative pronoun in each space, or leave the space blank where possible.

1 My bike, ...wich............ I had left at the gate, had disappeared.

2 The shoes............................ I bought were the ones................................... I tried on first.

3 The bag in.........................the robbers put the money was found later.

4 The medicine.............................the doctor gave me had no effect at all.

5 Peter,................................... couldn’t see the screen, decided to change his seat.

6 I really liked that tea............................. you made me this morning.

7 What was the name of your friend.................................... tent we borrowed?

8 The flight......................................... Joe was leaving on was cancelled.

6 Make one sentence from each group of sentences, beginning as shown.

1 The hotel was full of guests. The hotel was miles from anywhere. The guests had gone there to admire the scenery.

The hotel, which. ..was miles from anywhere was full of guests who had gone there to admire the scenery......

2 I lent you a book. It was written by a friend of mine. She lives in France.

The book I...........................................................................................................

3 A woman’s handbag was stolen. A police officer was staying in the same hotel. The woman was interviewed by him.

The woman whose...........................................................................................

4 A goal was scored by a teenager. He had come on as substitute. This goal won the match.

The goal which......................................................................................................

5 I was sitting next to a boy in the exam. He told me the answers.

The boy I.......................................................................

6 My wallet contained over £100. It was found in the street by a schoolboy. He returned it.

My wallet,.............................................................................................................

7 My friend Albert has decided to buy a motorbike. His car was stolen last week. My friend Albert,..............................................................................

8 Carol is a vegetarian. I cooked a meal for her last week. She enjoyed it. Carol,......................................................................................................................

7 Make one new sentence from each pair of sentences. Begin as shown, and use the word given in capitals.

8 Make one sentence from each group of sentences, beginning as shown.

1 I got on a train. I wanted to go to a station. The train didn’t stop there.

The train I.. got on didn"t stop at the station I wanted to go to ......................

2 I read a book. You recommended a book to me. This was the book.

The book I........................................................................................................................

3 The ship hit an iceberg and sank. Warning messages had been sent to it. The ship ignored these.

The ship,............................................................................................................................

4 The postman realized I was on holiday. You had sent me a parcel. The postman left it next door.

The postman,....................................................................................................................

5 I used to own a dog. People came to the door. The dog never barked at them. The dog I...........................................................................................................................

6 I bought my bike from a woman. She lives in a house. You can see the house over there.

The woman I....................................................................................................................

7 We went to a beach on the first day of our holiday. It was covered in seaweed. This smelled a lot.

The beach we...................................................................................................................

8 My neighbours have three small children. The children make a lot of noise.

My neighbours never apologize.

My neighbours,................................................................................................................

9 I bought a new computer. It cost me a lot of money.

The new.............................................................................................................................

9 These sentences are all grammatically possible, but not appropriate in speech. Rewrite each sentence so that it ends with the preposition in italics.

1 Margaret is the girl with whom I went on holiday.

... Margaret is the girl I went on holiday ..........................

2 The golf club is the only club of which I am a member.

3 That’s the girl about whom we were talking.

4 It was a wonderful present, for which I was extremely grateful.

5 This is the school to which I used to go.

6 Is this the case in which we should put the wine glasses?

7 Can you move the chair on which you are sitting?

8 That’s the shop from which I got my shoes.

9 Is that the person next to whom you usually sit?

10 This is Bill, about whom you have heard so much.